Roger d' Montgomery

Promised William sixty ships along with Montgomery, FitzOsberne, Montfort, Avranches.

WTC gave Roger the middle range of the Welsh marches between England and Wales to defend. Roger based at the Shrewsbury Castle abt 1070 and built Hen Domen Castle near Montgomery, Powys, Wales. Roger took control of Tong Castle as well, founded Pembroke Castle in 1093.

His son, Roger, succeeded him in Normandy, his son Hugh in England.

Son Hugh: Chester, Hugh, Earl of - Also Earl of Avaranches. Also called Hugh Lupus (wolf) and Hugh the Fat. Nephew of William I, sister married Count William d'Eu; daughter, Matilda, married Count Robert of Mortain. Virtual sovereign of Cheshire. Captured Anglesea from the Welsh, 1098; became so fat he could barely crawl; died 1101. Holdings in 20 counties. http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/landowners.html

In the same year Hugh Avaranches is also accused of committing great cruelties upon the Welsh in the Isle of Anglesea, which he ravaged in conjunction with Hugh de Montgomeri, Earl of Shrewsbury, who lost his life at that period in resisting the landing of the Norwegians nnder Magnus III, King of Norway. The Norse poet tells us the Earl of Shrewsbury was so completely enveloped in armour that nothing could be seen of his person but one eye. "King Magnus let fly an arrow at him, as also did a Heligoland man who stood beside the King. They both shot at once. The one shaft struck the nose-guard of the helmet, and bent it on one side, the other arrow hit the Earl in the eye and passed through his head, and this arrow was found to be the King's." Giraldus Cambrensis gives a similar account, adding some few details, such as the derisive exclamation of Magnus, "Leit loupe! " -- "Let him leap!" as the Earl sprang from the saddle when struck, and fell dead into the sea.
This Earl of Shrewsbury was called by the Welsh "Goch," or "the Red," from the colour of his hair. http://genealogy.patp.us/conq/avranche.shtml

Known as Roger the Great de Montgomery, son of another Roger de Montgomerie, who was a relative, probably a grandnephew, of the duchess Gunnor, wife of duke Robert I of Normandy, was the first earl of Shrewsbury. The elder Roger had large holdings in central Normandy, chiefly in the valley of the Dives, which the younger Roger inherited.

Roger was one of William the Conqueror's principal counselors. He did not fight in the initial invasion of England in 1066, instead staying behind to help govern Normandy. Afterwards he was entrusted with land in two places critical for the defense of England, receiving the Rape of Arundel at the end of 1067 (or in early 1068), and in November 1071 he was created Earl of Shrewsbury. (A few historians believe that while he received the Shropshire territories in 1071 he was not created earl until a few years later.)

Roger was thus one of the half a dozen greatest magnates in England during William the Conqueror's reign. In addition to the large part of Sussex included in the Rape of Arundel, and seven-eights of Shropshire which were associated with the earldom of Shrewsbury, he had estates in Surrey, Hampshire, Wiltshire, Middlesex, Hertfordshire, Gloucestershire, Worcestershire, Cambridgeshire, Warwickshire and Staffordshire.

After Williams's death in 1087, Roger had joined with other rebels to overthrow the newly crowned king William Rufus in the Rebellion of 1088. However William was able to convince Roger to abandon the rebellion and side with the king, which was fortuitious as the rebels were beaten and lost their land holdings in England. Roger first married Mabel of Bêlleme, who was heiress to a large territory on both sides of the border between Normandy and Maine. By her he had 10 children.

Roger then married Adelaide de Le Puiset, by whom he had one son, Everard, who entered the Church.

After his death, Roger's estates were divided. The eldest surviving son, Robert, received the bulk of the Norman estates (as well as his mother's estates); the next son, Hugh, received the bulk of the English estates and the earldom of Shrewsbury. After Hugh's death the elder son Robert inherited the earldom.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_of_Montgomery%2C_1st_Earl_of_Shrewsbury

Count Roger of Poitou, was third son of the great Earl Roger de Montgomery II, the seignior of Mont gomerii in the arrondisement of Lisieux in Normandy. Roger of Poitou (sometimes Pictavencis, Pictavis or, in the West Riding, known as Roger le Poitevin). He was granted extensive and rich holdings in Lancashire and the West Riding of Yorkshire were grants made by Duke William of Normandy in reward for his father's, Roger de Montgomery's assistance at the Battle of Hastings. Roger de Montgomery II was in command of a wing at the Battle of Hastings, but returned to Normandy with Queen Matilda, and the young Duke Robert as Duke William's representative. He became head of the council that governed the Duchy of Normandy in Duke William's absence in England. The Norman Montgomery family ancestry was closely interwoven either by blood or marriage with the Duchy of Normandy. Roger de Montgomery had four sons. Eldest was Robert, Count of Alencon, and his successor in Normandy. He was followed by Hugh, who inherited the Earldom of Arundel, Chichester and Shrewsbury, the life custodian of the main family domains granted in England. These would eventually go to Robert in 1098, purchased from William Rufus for 3000 pounds. Next youngest was Count Roger de Poitou who was made the first Earl of Lancaster by Duke William of Normandy, a less maganamious grant which befitted the third youngest son. Philip, the youngest, remained in Normandy and accompanied Duke Robert on the first crusade to the Holy land, and died there in 1094.http://www.infokey.com/Domesday/Derbyshire.htm

Since over 90% of the lordships and manors of Shropshire were held in Chief at the Domesday by the powerful Earl Roger, it is perhaps more interesting to determine the intricate cross-weave of under tenants of Norman nobles who assisted in the administration of these domains. Surprisingly, very little of Shropshire was retained by the King as his own land, and very little given to the Churches and Bishops as was the usual procedure. Nevertheless, we are here dealing with the Domesday Book record, 20 years after the Conquest. In the intervening period, Earl Roger, who must by Domesday have been a very old man, and his son Robert, may well have grown and consolidated the original grants after the Conquest to a sizeable mini-kingdom on the Welsh border, particularly since the domains were constantly changing, shifting, accomodating the intrusions and wasting by the Welsh, and imposing great flexibility in the border boundaries. Almost all of Derbyshire was held by Earl Roger but we have listed some of the interesting under-tenants who held Castles, lordships or villages for him and some which he still held as tenant-in-chief:  

Montgomery held Alveley Baschurch Berwick(Shrewsbury) Cheney Longville Chetton Chirbury Claverley Corfham Culmington Donington Dudston Eardington Edenhope Edgmond Ellesmere Fenemere Ford High Ercall Hockleton Hodnet Kingsmordley Leebotwood Loppington Lydham Minsterley Montford Morville Netley Oswestry Poynton Pulley Quatford Quatt Rhiston Romsley Rorrington Rowton Rudge Ruyton Shavington Shawbury Shifnall Shipley Shrewsbury Siefton Smethcott Spoonley Stottesdon Stretton The Marsh Tong Tuange Walcot Wellington Whittingslow Whittington Wilderley Wistanstow Withington Woodcote(Newport) Wotherton Wrockwardine Ackley Aston Basley Churchstoke

The Norman upper heirarchy was not large. This elite group consisted of 22 honours or baronies which virtually controlled all of Normandy and contributed largely to Duke William and the invasion and Conquest of England. They were the Counts of Aumale, the Mortimers, the Giffards, the Ferrierers, the Counts d'Eu, the Tosnys, the Bisets, the FitzOsberns, the Warrens, the Marmions, the Grantmesnils, the Malets, the FitzGilberts or Baldwins, the Tancarvilles, the Vernons, the Beaumonts, the Paynels, the Aubignys, the Monforts, the Estouvilles, the Bisets, and the Gournays. These houses, or their offshoots, or lesser houses, would play an important role in English history for the next 3 centuries, and give rise to thousands of distinguished surnames throughout Britain. To the observant, it will be noticed that certain other significants familes are missing from this role of honour such as the Baliols, the Bigots, the Bullys, the de Lacys, the Mandevilles, the Mowbrays, the Montgomerys, the Pomeroys, the Percys, the St.Johns, the Tracys, the Skiptons, the Montfichets, and many others. The circumstances of the latter names and their subsequent rise to fame are variable and complex, and are bound up with the Norman protocols from which surnames emerged either in Normandy itself or later in the settlement of England From http://www.infokey.com/Domesday/Shropshire.htm

Daughter Sybil Corbet aka Sybil de Montgomery

She married Robert FitzHamon and had Mabel who married Robert Glouchester, her step brother. Their grand daughter was Isabella.

Sybil has an affair with Henry I, had Robert glouchester who married Maus/Mabel, his stepsister. Their grand daughter was Isabella.

Father listed as Drew de Montagu b abt 1185, mother Aline

Wife listed as Aufric de Courci (no additional information) and Hawaise de Saint Amand born abt 1252 , Isle of Man, father Amauri de Saint Amand born abt 1226, Isle of Man.

Two children:

William de Montagu,1st Earl of Salisbury (-1344) m. Katharine Grandison (1304-1349)

Alice Montacute (1305-) m. Ralph Daubeney

Seigneur de Chevreuse, Lord of Chateaufort; founded the Abbey at Longpont. Chatelain de Rochefort-en-Yvelines. The family home was the castle built in the 11th century to replace an older castle, built from 991 to 1015. It was the site of a number of battles between the lords of Montlhéry and the French monarchy.

In 1118, after many disputes with the rebellious lords, Louis VI of France ordered the castle to be dismantled, except for the tower, and turned the town into a royal residence. Louis VI had himself been married to a granddaughter of Guy I, Lucienne of Rochefort, from 1104 to 1107.

The Montlhéry noble house was related to the Montmorency family; Thibaud, the founder of the Montlhéry dynasty, was the brother of Bouchard II, the progenitor of the Montmorency house. Thibaud ruled from 970 to 1031 and was succeeded by his son Guy I, who ruled until 1095. Guy I's children married into other local noble families: his daughter Melisende married Hugh, count of Rethel, and another daughter Elizabeth married Joscelin of Courtenay. Through these marriages and subsequent Montlhéry participation on the First Crusade, Guy I was the ancestor of the ruling dynasties of the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem and the County of Edessa. Another daughter, Alice, married into the Le Puiset family, and a son, Guy, became count of Rochefort. Guy I was succeeded by Milo I, followed by Milo's sons Guy II and Milo II. In 1118, after many disputes with the rebellious lords, Louis VI of France ordered the castle to be dismantled, except for the tower, and turned the town into a royal residence. Louis VI had himself been married to a granddaughter of Guy I, Lucienne of Rochefort, from 1104 to 1107.

After being absorbed into the royal domain, Montlhéry became part of the territory governed by the viscount of Paris. During the Hundred Years' War, the town and the tower frequently passed between English and French forces. On July 16, 1465, Charles the Bold defeated Louis XI of France at the Battle of Montlhéry. The town was left in ruins by the Wars of Religion, but it was rebuilt in 1591 under Henry IV.

In the 19th century the tower was used for scientific experiments. In 1822, François Arago calculated the speed of sound there; a cannonball shot at the tower was observed from the Observatory of Villejuif. In 1823, Claude Chappe installed a relay for the Paris-Bayonne telegraph line. On June 5, 1874, Alfred Cornu tried to calculate the speed of light between the tower and the Observatory in Paris.

During the Franco-Prussian War, the town was occupied and pillaged by the Prussians. It was occupied again by Germany in 1940 during the Second World War.

Today Montlhéry is a twin city with Stetten.

Guy I (died 1095) was the second lord of Montlhéry. He was probably the son of Thibaud of Montmorency, but some sources say that his father was named Milo. Thibaud could instead be his grandfather.

He married Hodierna of Gometz, daughter of William, lord of Gometz. They had seven children. Guy died in 1095, the same year Pope Urban II launched the First Crusade. Many of his descendants had illustrious careers in the Holy Land, through the Montlhéry, Courtenay, and Le Puiset branches of his family. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_I_of_Montlh%C3%A9ry

Bertrade de Montfort (c.1070-1117) was the daughter of Simon I de Montfort and Agnes, Countess of Evreux. Her brother was Amaury III de Montfort.

The oft-married Count Fulk IV of Anjou was married to the mother of his son in 1089, when the lovely Bertrade caught his eye. According to the chronicler John of Marmoutier:

"The lecherous Fulk then fell passionately in love with the sister of Amaury of Montfort, whom no good man ever praised save for her beauty. For her sake, he divorced the mother of Geoffrey II Martel..."

Bertrade and Fulk were married, and they became the parents of a son, Fulk, but in 1092 Bertrade left her husband and took up with King Philippe. Philippe married her on May 15, 1092, despite the fact that they both had spouses living. He was so enamoured of Bertrade that he refused to leave her even when threatened with excommunication. Pope Urban II did excommunicate him in 1095, and Philippe was prevented from taking part in the First Crusade. Astonishingly, Bertrade persuaded Philippe and Fulk to be friends.

Bertrade and Philippe had three children together:

Philippe de France, Count of Mantes (living in 1123)

Fleury de France, seigneur of Nangis (living in 1118)

Cécile (died 1145), married (1) Tancred, Prince of Galilee; married (2) Pons of Tripoli

According to Orderic Vitalis, Bertrade was anxious that one of her sons succeed Philippe, and sent a letter to King Henry I of England asking him to arrest her stepson Louis. Orderic also claims she sought to kill Louis first through the arts of sorcery, and then through poison. Whatever the truth of these allegations, Louis succeeded Philippe in 1108. Bertrade lived on until 1117; William of Malmesbury says: "Bertrade, still young and beautiful, took the veil at Fontevraud Abbey, always charming to men, pleasing to God, and like an angel." Her son from her first marriage was Fulk V of Anjou who later became King of Jerusalem. The dynasties founded by Fulk's sons ruled for centuries, one of them in England (Plantagenet), the other in Jerusalem.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrade_de_Montfort

Simon I de Montfort born about 1025 in Montfort l'Amaury, Ile de France, France and died 1087. He is buried in Epernon, Normandy, France. He was the son of Amaury de Montfort (c 1000-1031) and Bertrade de Gometz.

Simon I first married Isabel de Broyles (b. 1034, Broyes, Marne, France), daughter of Hugh Bardoul. Thier children were Amauri de Montfort (c. 1056-1089) and Isabel (Elizabeth) de Montfort (b. 1057).

Simon I's second marriage was to Agnaes d'Evreux (b. 1030), daughter of Richard d'Evreux of Rouen, Normandy and Estephanina (Adelaide) de Barcelona, Queen of Spain.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_I_de_Montfort

Amaury VI de Montfort (1195 - 1241) was the son of the elder Simon de Montfort and Alice of Montmorency, and the brother of the younger Simon de Montfort.

He participated in the Albigensian Crusade under his father's command. He inherited the County of Toulouse when his father died, but gave up the territory to King Louis VIII in 1224. In 1230 Amaury became constable of France, an office previously held by his uncle Mathieu II of Montmorency. In 1239 he participated in the Sixth Crusade and was taken prisoner after the defeat at Gaza. He was imprisoned in Cairo and was freed in 1241, but died the same year in Calabria while on the journey home.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaury_de_Montfort

The Montlhéry noble house was related to the Montmorency family; Thibaud, the founder of the Montlhéry dynasty, was the brother of Bouchard II, the progenitor of the Montmorency house. Thibaud ruled from 970 to 1031 and was succeeded by his son Guy I, who ruled until 1095. Guy I's children married into other local noble families: his daughter Melisende married Hugh, count of Rethel, and another daughter Elizabeth married Joscelin of Courtenay. Through these marriages and subsequent Montlhéry participation on the First Crusade, Guy I was the ancestor of the ruling dynasties of the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem and the County of Edessa. Another daughter, Alice, married into the Le Puiset family, and a son, Guy, became count of Rochefort. Guy I was succeeded by Milo I, followed by Milo's sons Guy II and Milo II. In 1118, after many disputes with the rebellious lords, Louis VI of France ordered the castle to be dismantled, except for the tower, and turned the town into a royal residence. Louis VI had himself been married to a granddaughter of Guy I, Lucienne of Rochefort, from 1104 to 1107. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montlh%C3%A9ry

From Domesday pages at http://www.infokey.com/Domesday/Derbyshire.htm: Roger de Poitou Holdings in Derbyshire in 1086

Count Roger of Poitou, was third son of the great Earl Roger de Montgomery II, the seignior of Mont gomerii in the arrondisement of Lisieux in Normandy. Roger of Poitou (sometimes Pictavencis, Pictavis or, in the West Riding, known as Roger le Poitevin). He was granted extensive and rich holdings in Lancashire and the West Riding of Yorkshire were grants made by Duke William of Normandy in reward for his father's, Roger de Montgomery's assistance at the Battle of Hastings. Roger de Montgomery II was in command of a wing at the Battle of Hastings, but returned to Normandy with Queen Matilda, and the young Duke Robert as Duke William's representative. He became head of the council that governed the Duchy of Normandy in Duke William's absence in England. The Norman Montgomery family ancestry was closely interwoven either by blood or marriage with the Duchy of Normandy. Roger de Montgomery had four sons. Eldest was Robert, Count of Alencon, and his successor in Normandy. He was followed by Hugh, who inherited the Earldom of Arundel, Chichester and Shrewsbury, the life custodian of the main family domains granted in England. These would eventually go to Robert in 1098, purchased from William Rufus for 3000 pounds. Next youngest was Count Roger de Poitou who was made the first Earl of Lancaster by Duke William of Normandy, a less maganamious grant which befitted the third youngest son. Philip, the youngest, remained in Normandy and accompanied Duke Robert on the first crusade to the Holy land, and died there in 1094.

His Derbyshire holdings were Beighton, Heath, Lowne, Stansby, Sutton, Scarsdale . From Lancaster pages: Liverpool was not identified. However, many of the villages which now constitute parts of greater Liverpool were, including Allerton (Roger de Poitou), Childwall (Roger de P), Bootle (Roger de P), Knowsley (Roger de P), Newsham (Roger de P), Huyton (Roger de P), Kirby (Roger de P), Kirkdale (Roger de P), Sefton (Roger de P), Speke (Roger de P), Up and Down Litherland (Roger de P), Roby (Roger de P), Smithdown (unknown), Toxteth (Roger de P), Walton on the Hill (Roger de P), Wavertree (Roger de P), and West Derby (Roger de P), Woolton (Roger de P). Most of the coastal area north to the Ribble was also held by Roger de Poitou including Formby, Crosby, Thornton, Lydiate, Altcar, Maghull, Ince Blundell, Melling( not to be confused with the northern Melling which was held by the King at Domesday), Ainsdale, Southport( Erengermeles), North Meols(no relation to the Cheshire Meols) and Argarmeles (Birkdale). Inland, Roger de Poitou held Blackburn, Dalton, Cockerham, Hurlston, Leyland, Penwortham, Newton le Willows, Rochdale, Skelmerdale, Up and Down Holland, and Preston(part). Habitation and settlements in central Lancashire were sparse unless they were deliberately ignored by the Domesday as having been wasted by Duke William in 1070 in his scorched earth sweep. Most of the rest of southern Lancashire was held directly or indirectly by the King, and almost all of (now) northern Lancashire, including Heysham, Furness, Bardsea, Bispham, Marton (now Blackpool), Warton (Carnforth) and Lytham.

The population of Lancashire (south of the Ribble) at the Domesday Book was probably less than 2,000 and mostly confined to the coastal area within 20 miles of the Irish Sea except for Warrington, Salford, Rochdale and Manchester. North of the Ribble in the 100 known as Amounderness there was over 60 holdings and was slightly more heavily populated. But 45 settlements were waste, many still held by Roger de Poitou. Cheshire, to the south, was comparatively heavily populated and rich in holdings.

The fate of Roger de Poitou is unknown although it is believed he returned to Normandy where Ansfrid de Montgommerio (successor or relation of Roger de Montgommery II?) witnessed a charter of Count Roger de Poitou in 1094. At this time he was giving to his local Abbey of St.Martin, a customary act of atonement by Norman magnates at the end of their careers and lives, which by many might have been called ruthless and despotic. Most of his holdings in Lancashire, those waste and those of value, were retaken by the King during or soon after the Domesday Book